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The following setup steps were completed
in advance of the live installation

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# install git, curl
sudo apt install git
sudo apt install curl

## Backend requiremens

# JDK 17
sudo apt install openjdk-17-jdk-headless

# Maven 3.5.4+
sudo apt install maven

# Ant 1.10.x+
sudo apt install ant

# PostgreSQL (12.x-17.x) and pgcrypto (in postgresql-contrib)
sudo apt install postgresql postgresql-contrib
# Follow docs (excerpt from docs below):
# goto: postgresql.conf
#	In postgresql.conf: uncomment the line starting: listen_addresses = 'localhost'.  This is the default, in recent PostgreSQL releases, but you should at least check it.
# Then tighten up security a bit by editing pg_hba.conf and adding this line:
# host dspace dspace 127.0.0.1 255.255.255.255 md5
# This should appear before any lines matching all databases, because the first matching rule governs.
/etc/init.d/postgresql restart

# Solr (8.11.x, 9 not yet fully supported)
# https://solr.apache.org/guide/solr/latest/getting-started/solr-tutorial.html
# Download Solr8: https://solr.apache.org/downloads.html
# unzip ..
# sudo ./bin/install_solr_service.sh ~/solr-.....tgz

# Tomcat 9
sudo useradd -m -U -d /opt/tomcat -s /bin/false tomcat
# Download: https://dlcdn.apache.org/tomcat/tomcat-9/
unzip ..
sudo mv apache-tomcat-9.0.102 /opt/tomcat/
sudo ln -s /opt/tomcat/apache-tomcat-9.0.102 /opt/tomcat/latest
# configure setenv.sh:
sudo  vi /opt/tomcat/apache-tomcat-9.0.102/bin/setenv.sh
JRE_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/java-17-openjdk-amd64
JAVA_OPTS="-Xmx512M -Xms64M -Dfile.encoding=UTF-8"
sudo chown -R tomcat: /opt/tomcat
sudo sh -c 'chmod +x /opt/tomcat/latest/bin/*.sh'
# Excerpt docs: Modifications in [tomcat]/conf/server.xml : You also need to alter Tomcat's default configuration to support searching and browsing of multi-byte UTF-8 correctly. You need to add a configuration option to the <Connector> element in [tomcat]/config/server.xml: URIEncoding="UTF-8" e.g. if you're using the default Tomcat config, it should read:
<!-- Define a non-SSL HTTP/1.1 Connector on port 8080 -->
<Connector port="8080"
              minSpareThreads="25"
              enableLookups="false"
              redirectPort="8443"
              connectionTimeout="20000"
              disableUploadTimeout="true"
              URIEncoding="UTF-8"/>

# Create tomcat service
sudo vim /etc/systemd/system/tomcat.service
"""
[Unit]
Description=Tomcat 9 servlet container
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=forking

User=tomcat
Group=tomcat

Environment="JAVA_HOME=/usr/lib/jvm/jre"
Environment="JAVA_OPTS=-Djava.security.egd=file:///dev/urandom"

Environment="CATALINA_BASE=/opt/tomcat/latest"
Environment="CATALINA_HOME=/opt/tomcat/latest"
Environment="CATALINA_PID=/opt/tomcat/latest/temp/tomcat.pid"
Environment="CATALINA_OPTS=-Xms2048M -Xmx2048M -server -XX:+UseParallelGC"

ExecStart=/opt/tomcat/latest/bin/startup.sh
ExecStop=/opt/tomcat/latest/bin/shutdown.sh
ReadWritePaths=/opt/dspace

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
"""

## Frontend requirements

# DSpace user to run NodeJS stuff
sudo bash
useradd -m dspace
chsh -s /bin/bash dspace

su dspace

# Install NVM
curl -o- https://raw.githubusercontent.com/nvm-sh/nvm/v0.40.2/install.sh | bash

# append .bashrc:
export NVM_DIR="$HOME/.nvm"
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/nvm.sh"  # This loads nvm
[ -s "$NVM_DIR/bash_completion" ] && \. "$NVM_DIR/bash_completion"  # This loads nvm bash_completion

# NodeJS 18
nvm install 18

# yarn (global)
npm install --global yarn

# pm2
npm install --global pm2


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End of requirements setup

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# clone repos
git clone https://github.com/4Science/dspace-angular.git
cd dspace-angular
git checkout dspace-cris-2023.02.06
=> this is [dspace-angular]

git clone https://github.com/4Science/DSpace.git
git checkout dspace-cris-2023.02.06
=> this is [dspace-source]

/opt/dspace
=> this is [dspace], where the dspace backend will be installed

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Backend installation

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sudo chown dspace:dspace /opt/dspace-angular -R
sudo mkdir /opt/dspace-ui
sudo chown dspace:dspace /opt/dspace-ui

sudo bash
su postgres
# create database user "dspace"
# for sake of simplicity, password here is "dspace" (NOTE!!! MUST match admin username in local.cfg)
createuser --username=postgres --no-superuser --pwprompt dspace
# create database "dspace", owned by "dspace" user
createdb --username=postgres --owner=dspace --encoding=UNICODE dspace

# enable pgcrypto in a separate database schema
psql --username=postgres dspace
# run the following (cf. documentation!):
	# Create a new schema in this database named "extensions" (or whatever you want to name it)
	CREATE SCHEMA extensions;
	# Enable this extension in this new schema
	CREATE EXTENSION pgcrypto SCHEMA extensions;
	# Grant rights to call functions in the extensions schema to your dspace user
	GRANT USAGE ON SCHEMA extensions TO dspace;
	 
	 
	# Append "extensions" on the current session's "search_path" (if it doesn't already exist in search_path)
	# The "search_path" config is the list of schemas that Postgres will use
	SELECT set_config('search_path',current_setting('search_path') || ',extensions',false) WHERE current_setting('search_path') !~ '(^|,)extensions(,|$)';
	# Verify the current session's "search_path" and make sure it's correct
	SHOW search_path;
	# Now, update the "dspace" Database to use the same "search_path" (for all future sessions) as we've set for this current session (i.e. via set_config() above)
	ALTER DATABASE dspace SET search_path FROM CURRENT;


# next, create config
/opt/DSpace/dspace/config/local.cfg
# add the following line to make file uploads for entity instances optional:
webui.submit.upload.required = false
# set dspace.dir! (e.g. /opt/dspace)

# create dspace dir
mkdir /opt/dspace

# build the package
cd /opt/DSpace
# takes initially long due to downloads
mvn package

# install DSpace
cd /opt/DSpace/dspace/target/dspace-installer
ant fresh_install

# init db
/opt/dspace/bin/dspace database migrate
# check if init of db was actually successful
/opt/dspace/bin/dspace database info

# deploy webapp to tomcat
cp -R /opt/dspace/webapps/server /opt/tomcat/latest/webapps
chown tomcat:tomcat /opt/tomcat/latest/webapps -R

# copy solr cores (these files might be located elsewhere if OS is not debian)
mkdir /var/solr/data/configsets
cp -R /opt/dspace/solr/* /var/solr/data/configsets/
chown -R solr:solr /var/solr/data/configsets/
systemctl restart solr
# check if core is there: http://localhost:8983/solr/

# create dspace admin
/opt/dspace/bin/dspace create-administrator

# ensure tomcat can access the dspace install files and restart it
chown tomcat:tomcat /opt/dspace -R
systemctl restart tomcat

# check status of endpoint
REST API: 
http://localhost:8080/server/
OAI-PMH: 
http://localhost:8080/server/oai/request?verb=Identify


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Frontend installation

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su dspace
cd /opt/dspace-angular
# install dependencies
yarn install	# 1s
# install ui for production to dist/
export NODE_OPTIONS=--max-old-space-size=4096
yarn build:prod # 3,5 min
cp -r /opt/dspace-angular/dist /opt/dspace-ui
? chown dspace /opt/dspace-ui -R

# config
mkdir /opt/dspace-ui/config
vim /opt/dspace-ui/config/config.prod.yml
rest:
  ssl: false
  host: localhost
  port: 8080
  nameSpace: /server

# init entities
/opt/dspace/bin/dspace dsrun org.dspace.app.util.InitializeEntityTypesOnly -d

# init relationships
/opt/dspace/bin/dspace dsrun org.dspace.app.util.InitializeEntities -f /opt/dspace/config/entities/correction-relationship-types.xml
/opt/dspace/bin/dspace dsrun org.dspace.app.util.InitializeEntities -f /opt/dspace/config/entities/hide-sort-relationship-types.xml

# build communities & collections - here using sample structure
/opt/dspace/bin/dspace dsrun org.dspace.administer.StructBuilder -e dspace@clt.de \
-o /opt/dspace/log/output-sample-structure.xml \
-f /opt/dspace/config/sample-structure.xml

# make upload step optional in submission
vi /opt/dspace/config/item-submission.xml

# startup frontend
cd /opt/dspace-ui/
node ./dist/server/main.js

# better: start frontend via pm2:
vi /opt/dspace-ui/dspace-ui.json
# add:
{
	"apps": [
		{
		   "name": "dspace-ui",
		   "cwd": "/opt/dspace-ui",
		   "script": "dist/server/main.js",
		   "env": {
			  "NODE_ENV": "production"
		   }
		}
	]
}
# then run it with pm2
pm2 start dspace-ui.json